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The Tylihul Estuary also called Tylihulskyi lyman () or simply Tiligul is a Ramsar-listed government protected estuary or liman of the Tylihul River. Located in Odesa Oblast in the south of Ukraine, the estuary includes an ornithological game reserve and the Tylihulskyi Regional Landscape Park situated on the East coast.
The name of the water body originates from the , meaning "mad, rabid lake".
The estuary has a length 80 km, width 0.2–3.5 km, and a depth up to 19 m. The isolation of the estuary from the Black Sea occurred in the 18th to 19th centuries. Now it is isolated from the sea by a 7-km long and 4-km wide peresyp shoal. The peresyp is covered by and small . The estuary has periodical connections with the sea via a narrow canal. Due to the canal the water level in the estuary is the same as in the Black Sea.
On the peresyp of the estuary and on the nearby water area, the Ornithology nature reserve Tylihulsky Peresyp is located.
Until the end of the 1960s the estuary consisted of almost fresh water, while by the 1970s it was taking more and more salinity from the Black Sea, changing its flora and fauna gradually.
Tylihul valley creates the number of so-called valley winds, as at summer time the sea breeze winds may go much further into the continent. The local winds are usually much stronger here.
The bottom of the estuary is covered by black therapeutic mud, or peloid, which is used for medicinal purposes. The estimated volume of the peloid is about 14 million tons.
On the west coast of the Tylihul Estuary is a village Petrivka, previously Pokrovske, where the castle of Ivan Kuris is located.
The estuary of Tylihul is well-suited for many out-door activities, such as kitesurfing and windsurfing, annual international competitions are held on the east coast. Mountain bike is also popular, and "Kalynivka" (informally called by locals "the Jug"), located in the Gulf of Kairy is the most popular paragliding site in Southern Ukraine and Odesa Oblast. Odesa Paragliding Club
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